Understanding orbits of algebraic dynamical systems [Spring 2006]
Manfred Einsiedler
Many questions that at first sight have no
dynamical context can be understood using
dynamical systems. Here are some examples (of
varying difficulty):
Why is e irrational?
Is every digit from 1 to 9 appearing
infinitely often as a leading digit of a power
of 2 (in the decimal expansion)? (What about
the frequencies of appearance?)
If Q is an indefinite quadratic form in 3 or
more variables that is not a multiple of a
form with rational coefficients, is then the
set obtained by evaluating Q at the integer
points dense in the real numbers? (this was a
conjecture by Oppenheim and is now a theorem
by Margulis)
We will discuss the relationship between the
above questions and dynamics, answer the first
two (easier) questions, and discuss an
important theorem by Ratner concerning the
structure of orbits for some dynamical
systems.

